句動詞
実用的な例で語彙を増やそう
A phrasal verb is a verb + particle (up, off, after) whose meaning is often different from the original verb: 'give up' means quit, not give. They are everywhere in natural English.
The best approach is to learn each one as a whole unit with an example, rather than translating word by word.
例文
Don't give up — you're almost there!
give up = quit, stop trying.
I ran into an old friend at the supermarket.
run into = meet by chance.
I need to find out the train times.
find out = discover information.
give up
/ɡɪv ʌp/
Don't give up — you're almost there!
take off
/teɪk ɒf/
The plane will take off in ten minutes.
look after
/lʊk ˈɑːftər/
Could you look after my dog this weekend?
run into
/rʌn ˈɪntə/
I ran into an old friend at the supermarket.
find out
/faɪnd aʊt/
I need to find out the train times.
Which phrasal verb means 'meet by chance'?
Complete: Don't ___ up — you're almost there! (quit)
Many phrasal verbs are separable: the object can go between the verb and the particle. 'Turn off the lights' = 'Turn the lights off'.
Important: when the object is a pronoun (it, them), it MUST go in the middle — 'Turn it off', never 'turn off it'.
例文
Please turn the lights off when you leave.
Object between verb and particle (separable).
I'll pick you up at 8.
Pronoun 'you' must go in the middle.
Put your coat on — it's cold.
'Put on' separated by the object.
turn off
/tɜːn ɒf/
Please turn the lights off when you leave.
pick up
/pɪk ʌp/
I'll pick you up at 8.
throw away
/θroʊ əˈweɪ/
Don't throw it away — we can recycle it.
put on
/pʊt ɒn/
Put your coat on — it's cold.
Choose the correct sentence with a pronoun.
Pronoun in the middle: Don't throw ___ away — we can recycle it. (it)
Other phrasal verbs are inseparable: the verb and particle stay together and the object always comes after: 'look for my keys', not 'look my keys for'.
There's no easy rule for which are separable; a good dictionary marks them, and reading widely builds your instinct.
例文
I'm looking for my keys.
Inseparable: object comes after 'look for'.
You can rely on me.
'rely on' stays together.
I'll deal with this problem tomorrow.
'deal with' + object.
look for
/lʊk fɔːr/
I'm looking for my keys.
rely on
/rɪˈlaɪ ɒn/
You can rely on me.
deal with
/diːl wɪð/
I'll deal with this problem tomorrow.
get over
/ɡet ˈoʊvər/
It took her months to get over the breakup.
Choose the correct inseparable phrasal verb sentence.
Complete: You can rely ___ me. (particle)
Some phrasal verbs have three parts: verb + two particles, e.g. look forward to, put up with, come up with. These are always inseparable, and the object comes at the end.
Note that 'look forward to' is followed by a noun or -ing form: 'looking forward to the holidays', 'looking forward to seeing you'.
例文
I'm looking forward to the holidays.
Three-part: verb + forward + to.
I can't put up with this noise anymore.
put up with = tolerate.
She came up with a brilliant idea.
come up with = think of, invent.
look forward to
/lʊk ˈfɔːrwərd tə/
I'm looking forward to the holidays.
put up with
/pʊt ʌp wɪð/
I can't put up with this noise anymore.
come up with
/kʌm ʌp wɪð/
She came up with a brilliant idea.
get along with
/ɡet əˈlɒŋ wɪð/
I get along with my colleagues well.
Which three-part phrasal verb means 'tolerate'?
Complete: She came ___ with a brilliant idea. (particle = invented)
次へ
wish / if only