動詞の形
原形
/breɪk/
Past Simple
/broʊk/
Past Participle
/ˈbroʊkən/
例文
原形 · break
- Glasses break easily, so pack them carefully.
Past Simple · broke
- He broke his arm playing football.
- She broke without any hesitation.
- They broke it again the following morning.
- He didn't break anything at the meeting.
Past Participle · broken
- My phone screen has broken again.
- By the time we arrived, they had broken everything.
- We have never broken anything quite like it.
- He has broken it many times before.
よく使う組み合わせ
break a record
to do better than anyone before
break the news
to tell someone important news
break a promise
to fail to keep your word
主な時制
| 現在形 | 過去形 | 現在完了形 |
|---|---|---|
I break he / she / it breaks | I broke | I have broken |
| 現在進行形:I am breaking · he / she / it is breaking | ||
文法ガイド
The verb "break" is fully irregular — all three principal parts are distinct: the base form "break", the past simple "broke", and the past participle "broken". The ABC group contains many of the most common and important verbs in English, so learning them is essential for fluency.
Use the past simple "broke" for actions, events, or states that were completed at a definite point in the past. It is the main verb in the clause and needs no auxiliary: "We broke the whole project in three days." Typical time markers include yesterday, last week, ago, when, and at + a specific time. The past simple is the most frequently used past tense in spoken and written English.
The past participle "broken" is never used on its own as a main verb. It appears in: (1) the present perfect with have/has — "I have never broken anything like it before"; (2) the past perfect with had — "She had already broken before I arrived"; (3) passive voice with a form of be — "The final version was broken by the whole team." These three structures together cover the great majority of perfect and passive constructions in English.
The ABC group demands the most memorisation because each verb has three unique forms to learn. Focus first on the highest-frequency verbs: be (was/were/been), do (did/done), go (went/gone), know (knew/known), take (took/taken), see (saw/seen), give (gave/given), and write (wrote/written). Regular reading and listening is the most effective way to make ABC verb forms automatic — passive exposure reinforces the patterns far better than drills alone.
ミニクイズ
正しい文はどちらですか？
活用パターン
3つの形がすべて異なる — 最も練習が必要なグループです。