동사 형태
원형
/kiːp/
Past Simple
/kept/
Past Participle
/kept/
예문
원형 · keep
- I keep my old photos in a wooden box.
Past Simple · kept
- She kept the secret for many years.
- She kept without any hesitation.
- They kept it again the following morning.
- He didn't keep anything at the meeting.
Past Participle · kept
- He has kept his promise to visit every month.
- She has just kept the very same thing.
- By the time we arrived, they had kept everything.
- We have never kept anything quite like it.
자주 쓰는 연어
keep in touch
to stay in contact
keep a promise
to do what you said you would
keep calm
to stay relaxed
주요 시제
| 현재 단순 | 과거 단순 | 현재 완료 |
|---|---|---|
I keep he / she / it keeps | I kept | I have kept |
| 현재 진행:I am keeping · he / she / it is keeping | ||
문법 가이드
The verb "keep" follows the ABB pattern: the past simple and past participle share one form ("kept"), while the base form ("keep") is different. ABB is the most common pattern among English irregular verbs — roughly half of all irregulars fall here, so mastering this group pays dividends across the whole language.
Use the past simple "kept" to talk about a completed action or event at a definite moment in the past. It stands alone as the main verb — no auxiliary is needed. Common accompanying time expressions include yesterday, last week, ago, and when: "She kept the whole report by herself." The action is seen as finished and anchored to a specific past time.
The past participle "kept" always works together with an auxiliary verb. It appears in: (1) the present perfect with have/has — "I have kept this several times before"; (2) the past perfect with had — "By the time we called, they had already kept"; (3) passive voice — "The decision was kept by the board." Never use "kept" as a standalone past-tense verb without an auxiliary.
Memory tip: because "kept" and "kept" are the same, you only need to memorise one past form. Many ABB verbs follow recognisable sound shifts — a large group ends in -ought (bring→brought, buy→bought, catch→caught, fight→fought, seek→sought, teach→taught, think→thought), and another group shows a vowel shift plus -t (feel→felt, keep→kept, leave→left, mean→meant, sleep→slept). Identifying which sub-group "keep" belongs to can make the form easier to remember long-term.
미니 퀴즈
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활용 패턴
과거형과 과거분사가 같은 형태입니다.