120개 이상의 영어 불규칙 동사
세 가지 형태와 번역이 포함된 전체 표. 검색, 필터링, 연습.
| 원형 | Past Simple | Past Participle | 의미 |
|---|---|---|---|
/biː/ | was/were | been | exist, occur |
/hæv/ | had | had | possess, own |
/duː/ | did | done | perform an action |
/seɪ/ | said | said | utter words |
/ɡet/ | got | got/gotten | obtain, receive |
/meɪk/ | made | made | create, produce |
/ɡoʊ/ | went | gone | move, travel |
/noʊ/ | knew | known | be aware of |
/teɪk/ | took | taken | grasp, accept |
/siː/ | saw | seen | perceive with eyes |
/kʌm/ | came | come | arrive, approach |
/θɪŋk/ | thought | thought | use the mind |
/ɡɪv/ | gave | given | transfer, donate |
/faɪnd/ | found | found | discover, locate |
/tel/ | told | told | communicate, narrate |
/bɪˈkʌm/ | became | become | begin to be |
/liːv/ | left | left | depart, abandon |
/fiːl/ | felt | felt | experience emotion |
/brɪŋ/ | brought | brought | carry to a place |
/bɪˈɡɪn/ | began | begun | start, commence |
/kiːp/ | kept | kept | retain, continue |
/hoʊld/ | held | held | grasp, contain |
/raɪt/ | wrote | written | form letters |
/stænd/ | stood | stood | be upright |
/hɪər/ | heard | heard | perceive sound |
/let/ | let | let | allow, permit |
/miːn/ | meant | meant | intend, signify |
/set/ | set | set | place, establish |
/miːt/ | met | met | encounter, gather |
/rʌn/ | ran | run | move quickly, manage |
/peɪ/ | paid | paid | give money for |
/sɪt/ | sat | sat | rest on a seat |
/spiːk/ | spoke | spoken | talk, articulate |
/laɪ/ | lay | lain | rest horizontally |
/liːd/ | led | led | guide, direct |
/riːd/ | read | read | interpret text |
/ɡroʊ/ | grew | grown | increase in size |
/luːz/ | lost | lost | fail to keep, misplace |
/fɔːl/ | fell | fallen | drop down |
/send/ | sent | sent | dispatch |
/bɪld/ | built | built | construct |
/ˌʌndərˈstænd/ | understood | understood | comprehend |
/drɔː/ | drew | drawn | sketch, pull |
/breɪk/ | broke | broken | shatter, fracture |
/spend/ | spent | spent | use up, expend |
/kʌt/ | cut | cut | divide with blade |
/raɪz/ | rose | risen | go up |
/draɪv/ | drove | driven | operate a vehicle |
/baɪ/ | bought | bought | purchase |
/weər/ | wore | worn | carry on body |
/tʃuːz/ | chose | chosen | select, pick |
/wɪn/ | won | won | be victorious |
/tiːtʃ/ | taught | taught | instruct |
/θroʊ/ | threw | thrown | propel through air |
/kætʃ/ | caught | caught | seize, capture |
/sel/ | sold | sold | exchange for money |
/flaɪ/ | flew | flown | move through air |
/faɪt/ | fought | fought | engage in combat |
/drɪŋk/ | drank | drunk | swallow liquid |
/iːt/ | ate | eaten | consume food |
/sɪŋ/ | sang | sung | make musical sounds |
/swɪm/ | swam | swum | move through water |
/raɪd/ | rode | ridden | travel on/in |
/rɪŋ/ | rang | rung | make bell sound, call |
/sliːp/ | slept | slept | rest unconscious |
/ʃeɪk/ | shook | shaken | tremble, oscillate |
/friːz/ | froze | frozen | turn to ice |
/fɪt/ | fit | fit | be the right size |
/hɪt/ | hit | hit | strike, impact |
/hɜːrt/ | hurt | hurt | cause pain |
/bɜːrn/ | burnt | burnt | be on fire |
/lend/ | lent | lent | give temporarily |
/leɪ/ | laid | laid | place down |
/kɒst/ | cost | cost | have a price |
/ʃʌt/ | shut | shut | close |
/spred/ | spread | spread | extend over an area |
/ʃaɪn/ | shone | shone | give off light |
/stɪk/ | stuck | stuck | adhere, become fixed |
/fiːd/ | fed | fed | give food to |
/haɪd/ | hid | hidden | conceal |
/bloʊ/ | blew | blown | produce air current |
/fərˈɡet/ | forgot | forgotten | fail to remember |
/fərˈɡɪv/ | forgave | forgiven | stop being angry |
/teər/ | tore | torn | rip apart |
/baɪt/ | bit | bitten | cut with teeth |
/dɪɡ/ | dug | dug | make a hole |
/hæŋ/ | hung | hung | suspend |
/ʃuːt/ | shot | shot | fire a weapon |
/swɪŋ/ | swung | swung | move back and forth |
/weɪk/ | woke | woken | stop sleeping |
/wiːp/ | wept | wept | cry |
/kriːp/ | crept | crept | move slowly, sneak |
/diːl/ | dealt | dealt | distribute, handle |
/əˈraɪz/ | arose | arisen | come up, occur |
/əˈweɪk/ | awoke | awoken | wake from sleep |
/beər/ | bore | borne | endure, carry |
/biːt/ | beat | beaten | strike repeatedly, defeat |
/bend/ | bent | bent | curve, flex |
/bet/ | bet | bet | wager |
/baɪnd/ | bound | bound | tie together |
/bliːd/ | bled | bled | lose blood |
/briːd/ | bred | bred | produce offspring |
/ˈbrɔːdkæst/ | broadcast | broadcast | transmit publicly |
/bɜːrst/ | burst | burst | break open suddenly |
/kɑːst/ | cast | cast | throw, project |
/klɪŋ/ | clung | clung | hold tightly |
/daɪv/ | dived/dove | dived | plunge into water |
/driːm/ | dreamt | dreamt | have visions in sleep |
/fliː/ | fled | fled | run away |
/flɪŋ/ | flung | flung | throw violently |
/fərˈbɪd/ | forbade | forbidden | prohibit |
/ɡraɪnd/ | ground | ground | crush into powder |
/niːl/ | knelt | knelt | rest on knees |
/liːn/ | leant | leant | tilt, rest against |
/liːp/ | leapt | leapt | jump |
/leɪ/ | laid | laid | 눕다 |
/laɪt/ | lit | lit | illuminate, ignite |
/mɪˈsteɪk/ | mistook | mistaken | confuse, err |
/ˌoʊvərˈkʌm/ | overcame | overcome | defeat, surmount |
/pruːv/ | proved | proven | demonstrate truth |
/kwɪt/ | quit | quit | leave, give up |
/rɪd/ | rid | rid | eliminate |
/siːk/ | sought | sought | search for |
/ʃrɪŋk/ | shrank | shrunk | become smaller |
/slaɪd/ | slid | slid | glide |
/slɪt/ | slit | slit | make a thin cut |
/spel/ | spelt | spelt | name letters of |
/spɪl/ | spilt | spilt | let liquid escape |
/spɪt/ | spat | spat | expel from mouth |
/splɪt/ | split | split | divide into parts |
/spɔɪl/ | spoilt | spoilt | ruin, indulge |
/stɪŋk/ | stank | stunk | smell badly |
/straɪd/ | strode | stridden | walk with long steps |
/straɪk/ | struck | struck | hit, refuse to work |
/sweər/ | swore | sworn | vow, curse |
/swiːp/ | swept | swept | clean with broom |
/wiːv/ | wove | woven | interlace threads |
/wɪðˈdrɔː/ | withdrew | withdrawn | remove, retreat |
/rɪŋ/ | wrung | wrung | twist out liquid |
자주 묻는 질문
영어에는 불규칙 동사가 몇 개나 있나요?
현대 영어에는 약 200개의 불규칙 동사가 있지만 대부분은 드물게 쓰입니다. 이 표에는 일상 대화, 책, 시험에서 실제로 만나게 되는 139개의 동사를 담았습니다. 어떤 레벨에서든 자신 있게 소통하기에 충분합니다.
불규칙 동사의 세 가지 형태는 무엇인가요?
각 항목은 원형(go), 과거형(went), 과거분사(gone)를 보여 줍니다. 원형은 현재 시제와 부정사에, 과거형은 끝난 동작에, 과거분사는 완료 시제와 수동태에 사용됩니다.
got과 gotten처럼 두 가지 형태가 있는 동사는 왜 그런가요?
영국 영어와 미국 영어는 때때로 다른 형태를 사용합니다. 예를 들어 "get"의 과거분사는 영국 영어에서는 "got", 미국 영어에서는 보통 "gotten"입니다. 표에는 두 형태가 모두 표시되니 배우는 영어에 맞는 것을 선택하세요.
불규칙 동사를 가장 빨리 외우는 방법은?
비슷한 패턴끼리 작은 그룹으로 묶어 외우고(sing–sang–sung, ring–rang–rung), 발음을 듣고, 정기적으로 자신을 테스트하세요. 내장 테스트는 동사를 섞어 출제하고 이미 아는 것을 기록하므로 목록을 다시 읽는 것보다 훨씬 효과적입니다.
세 형태가 모두 같은 불규칙 동사도 있나요?
있습니다. put, cut, cost, hit, shut 같은 동사는 전혀 변하지 않습니다(put–put–put). 외우기 가장 쉬운 편이지만, 습관적으로 -ed를 붙이지 않도록 주의하세요.
과거형과 과거분사의 차이는 무엇인가요?
과거형은 끝난 동작을 나타내는 독립적인 시제입니다(I saw the film yesterday). 과거분사는 단독으로 쓰이지 않고 have, has, had, be와 함께 쓰입니다: I have seen the film, The film was seen by millions.