ニュアンスのある法性

実用的な例で語彙を増やそう

レベル C2

would rather (preference)

I'd rather you didn't

/aɪd ˈræðər juː ˈdɪdənt/

I'd rather you didn't smoke in here.

I'd rather not

/aɪd ˈræðər nɒt/

Are you coming? — I'd rather not, thanks.

I'd rather she came

/aɪd ˈræðər ʃiː keɪm/

I'd rather she came on Friday than Monday.

I'd rather have stayed

/aɪd ˈræðər həv steɪd/

I'd rather have stayed at home last night.

I'd sooner / I'd just as soon

I'd sooner

/aɪd ˈsuːnər/

I'd sooner walk than take the bus.

I'd just as soon

/aɪd dʒəst əz suːn/

I'd just as soon eat at home tonight.

had better

/hæd ˈbetər/

You'd better leave now if you want to make the train.

Subtle Obligation / Necessity

ought to have

/ɔːt tə həv/

You ought to have told me sooner.

needn't have

/ˈniːdənt həv/

You needn't have brought a gift — but thanks.

should have known

/ʃʊd həv noʊn/

I should have known better than to trust him.

Hypothetical Shading

would have thought

/wʊd həv θɔːt/

I would have thought you'd be happy with the result.

might just as well

/maɪt dʒəst əz wel/

We might just as well go home — nothing's happening here.

could possibly

/kʊd ˈpɒsəbli/

Could you possibly lend me twenty pounds?

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