Các dạng của động từ
Dạng nguyên
/bɪˈɡɪn/
Past Simple
/bɪˈɡæn/
Past Participle
/bɪˈɡʌn/
Câu ví dụ
Dạng nguyên · begin
- Classes begin at nine o'clock sharp.
Past Simple · began
- The concert began with a piano solo.
- She began without any hesitation.
- They began it again the following morning.
- He didn't begin anything at the meeting.
Past Participle · begun
- The meeting had already begun when I arrived.
- By the time we arrived, they had begun everything.
- We have never begun anything quite like it.
- He has begun it many times before.
Cụm từ thường gặp
begin with
to start with something
Thì chính
| Hiện tại đơn | Quá khứ đơn | Hiện tại hoàn thành |
|---|---|---|
I begin he / she / it begins | I began | I have begun |
| Hiện tại tiếp diễn:I am beginning · he / she / it is beginning | ||
Hướng dẫn ngữ pháp
The verb "begin" is fully irregular — all three principal parts are distinct: the base form "begin", the past simple "began", and the past participle "begun". The ABC group contains many of the most common and important verbs in English, so learning them is essential for fluency.
Use the past simple "began" for actions, events, or states that were completed at a definite point in the past. It is the main verb in the clause and needs no auxiliary: "We began the whole project in three days." Typical time markers include yesterday, last week, ago, when, and at + a specific time. The past simple is the most frequently used past tense in spoken and written English.
The past participle "begun" is never used on its own as a main verb. It appears in: (1) the present perfect with have/has — "I have never begun anything like it before"; (2) the past perfect with had — "She had already begun before I arrived"; (3) passive voice with a form of be — "The final version was begun by the whole team." These three structures together cover the great majority of perfect and passive constructions in English.
The ABC group demands the most memorisation because each verb has three unique forms to learn. Focus first on the highest-frequency verbs: be (was/were/been), do (did/done), go (went/gone), know (knew/known), take (took/taken), see (saw/seen), give (gave/given), and write (wrote/written). Regular reading and listening is the most effective way to make ABC verb forms automatic — passive exposure reinforces the patterns far better than drills alone.
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